EXPLORING THE FREQUENCY AND INDICATIONS OF PRIMARY CESAREAN SECTION IN UNSCARRED MULTIGRAVIDA PATIENTS: INSIGHTS FROM A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Authors

  • Dr Mahrukh Manzoor FCPS Resident, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, MBBS, Ward 9B, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan Author
  • Dr Erum Majid Associate Professor, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, FCPS, MBBS, Ward 9B, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan Author
  • Dr Mahrukh Hyder Assistant Professor, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, FCPS, MBBS, Ward 9B, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan Author
  • Dr Fozia Razzaque Senior Registar, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, FCPS, MBBS, Ward 9B, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan Author
  • Dr Komal FCPS Resident, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, MBBS, Ward 9B, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan Author
  • Dr Sadia FCPS Resident, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, MBBS, Ward 9B, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi, Pakistan Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65035/6rrkbt84

Keywords:

Caesarean section, Multigravida, Unscarred uterus, Fetal distress, Apgar score, Primary caesarean, Obstetric outcomes

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency and primary indications of caesarean section among unscarred multigravida patients and assess associated maternal and neonatal outcomes in a tertiary care hospital setting.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from January 2024 to July 2024. A total of 189 unscarred multigravida women with singleton pregnancies and cephalic presentation were included through non-probability consecutive sampling. Patients with previous uterine surgery or infertility history were excluded. Data on maternal demographics, indications for caesarean section, and neonatal outcomes including Apgar scores and birth weights were collected and analysed using SPSS version 25.

Results: The mean maternal age was 28.94 ± 4.75 years. Most deliveries occurred at 36–40 weeks of gestation (69.31%). The most common indication for caesarean section was fetal distress (38.09%), followed by pathological cardiotocography (13.22%), non-progressive labor (8.46%), and antepartum eclampsia (6.34%). Apgar score >6 at birth was observed in 54.49% of neonates, which improved to 80.42% after 5 minutes. Maternal complications included fever (10.36%) and urinary tract infections (8.29%). A significant proportion of patients were unbooked (77.72%) and presented in emergency situations (95.85%).

Conclusion: Fetal distress remains the leading cause of primary caesarean section among unscarred multigravidas. Early identification of risk factors, better antenatal care, and patient education can reduce unnecessary caesarean deliveries and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.

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Published

2025-05-02

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Special Issue Journal of Medical and Health Science Review

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Dr Mahrukh Manzoor, Dr Erum Majid, Dr Mahrukh Hyder, Dr Fozia Razzaque, Dr Komal, Dr Sadia (Author)

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

All articles published in the Journal of Medical & Health Sciences Review (JMHSR) remain the copyright of their respective authors. JMHSR publishes its content under the Creative Commons Attribution‑NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY‑NC 4.0), which allows readers to freely share, copy, adapt, and build upon the work for non‑commercial purposes, provided proper credit is given to both the authors and the journal. 

How to Cite

EXPLORING THE FREQUENCY AND INDICATIONS OF PRIMARY CESAREAN SECTION IN UNSCARRED MULTIGRAVIDA PATIENTS: INSIGHTS FROM A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL. (2025). Journal of Medical & Health Sciences Review, 2(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.65035/6rrkbt84